It blocks websites and apps on my computer perfectly. I can either start a timed focus session (my go-to) or set up pre-scheduled blocks during each day. I also recommend their Pause extension, which forces you to wait a few seconds before accessing a distracting website (even if you’re not running a block session on Freedom). Dec 04, 2018 The app is entirely free with no upsells or paywalls, and you can download it directly from the developer's site; it's not available in the App Store. HocusFocus Pricing: Free; donations accepted. Freedom (Chrome, Firefox, iOS, macOS, Opera, Windows) Best focus app for blocking anything you want, anywhere you want. On your Mac, choose Apple menu System Preferences, then click Energy Saver. Open Energy Saver preferences for me. Do any of the following: Set the amount of time your computer or display should wait before going to sleep: Drag the “Computer sleep” and “Display sleep” sliders, or the “Turn display off after” slider. Keep your Mac from going to sleep automatically: Select.
No one needs to tell IT admins what’s on their short list of headaches: users forgetting their passwords usually ranks number one. For those who demand documented proof, there are survey results here to validate this point. Closely related, and just behind in terms of frequency and irritation level, are account lockouts. In an earlier and simpler era—before multiple devices—it was a straightforward matter to completely stomp this out.
Employees would call or email tech support, and they’d unlock the account in their Active Directory console and reset the password. But then came laptops, smartphones, tablets, and telecommuting— in other words, modern life as we know it. And what was once a simple solution to a common problem suddenly became far less so.
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The underlying cause for most account lockouts—outside of forgetful users– is a running application or background service on one of those devices that is authenticating with stale credentials based on an old password.
How Do I Authenticate Thee, Let Me Count the Ways
How many different ways can this happen? Microsoft has an entire TechNet article on lockout troubleshooting, and their list includes, for starters, these variations on the theme:
- Persistent drive mappings
- Scheduled tasks
- Terminal server sessions
- Service accounts
- Any programs that store user names and passwords
And if you factor in all the new computing devices, admins have more places to look for the offending process. As a purely practical matter, it means that to pinpoint the culprit, IT will have to carefully review audit logs, often across multiple domains.
Lockout Policy Might Be an Answer but…
I can practically hear the IT admin community collectively saying something like, “the real solution to all this is to have an intelligent lockout policy”. One school of thought recommends that the admin go into the default GPO for the domain and change the appropriate lockout parameters to a more reasonable setting.
The “account lockout threshold” setting should be shifted to a much higher number than three—perhaps 20 or 30—so that you, or more to the point, a hacker really has to be hammering at the account to trigger a lockout. “account lockout duration”, the time to wait before the account is automatically unlocked, set to a more sensible ten minutes (instead of, say, 12 hours), and different from the default of zero, which is a permanent lockout. And finally, the tricky “reset account lockout policy after” defaut set to one minute. You can read more about this approach here.
After receiving wise counsel from a few Varonis SEs, I learned that changing the default Active Directory lockout parameters can help. But tread carefully here, there are assumptions about the overall strength of employee passwords that have to be first proved out. According to the SEs, if you have a robust password policy in place, then it might make sense to ramp up the “account lockout threshold”, otherwise this may not fly. There is also a good case to be made that this threshold parameter should always be zero, and users forced to ultimately deal with support to unfreeze their accounts.
Finding the Stale App
However, to get to the bottom of the lockout problem caused by computers and devices using stored credentials, admins and tech support staff must first find the offending app or service. And that means they’ll have to search the event logs of the affected domains—either manually (not recommended), with a third-party app, or Microsoft’s own LockoutStatus.exe.
The particular event they’re looking for is Event ID 4771 on Server 2008 or Event ID 529 on Server 2003. When they view this Account Lockout event, they should see the client computer name or else the device’s IP address (see the screenshot).
For Windows OS, at least for Windows 7 and beyond, the admin remotely logs onto the client’s machine and brings up the Credential Manager to remove the old credentials. Very likely this was the user’s secondary computer, and after a password change was made on the more frequently used computer, the other machine continued to run services that forced the “account lockout threshold” to be crossed.
And if the Lockout event points to an IP address?
Then the admin will have to look up the MAC address from another device on the local network segment in question, and then the mac address vendor—using, for example http://www.macvendorlookup.com—to learn the device type. Ninety nine times out of a hundred the app on the IOS or Android gadget that was sending out the bad credentials is an Exchange email client—e.g., ActiveSync. The locked out user will then need to update the password to refresh the credentials and bring everything back in sync.
OS X and iOS provide a number of general-purpose APIs for making HTTP and HTTPS requests. With these APIs, you can download files to disk, make simple HTTP and HTTPS requests, or precisely tune your request to the specific requirements of your server infrastructure.
When choosing an API, you should first consider why you are making an HTTP request:
- If you are writing a Newsstand app, you should use the
NKAssetDownload
API to download content in the background. - If you need to download a file to disk in OS X, the easiest way is to use the
NSURLDownload
class. For details, see Downloading the Contents of a URL to Disk. - You should use
CFHTTPStream
if any of the following are true:- You have a strict requirement not to use Objective-C.
- You need to override proxy settings.
- You need to be compatible with a particular non-compliant server.
For more information, see Making Requests Using Core Foundation. - Otherwise, you should generally use the
NSURLSession
orNSURLConnection
APIs.
The sections below describe these APIs in more detail.
Note: If you have specific needs, you can also write your own HTTP client implementation using socket or socket-stream APIs. These APIs are described in Using Sockets and Socket Streams.
Making Requests Using Foundation
The following tasks describe common operations with the
NSURLSession
class, the NSURLConnection
class, and related classes.Retrieving the Contents of a URL without Delegates
If you just need to retrieve the contents of a URL and do something with the results at the end, in OS X v10.9 and later or iOS 7 and later, you should use the
NSURLSession
class. You can also use the NSURLConnection
class for compatibility with earlier versions of OS X and iOS.To do this, call one of the following methods:
dataTaskWithRequest:completionHandler:
(NSURLSession
), dataTaskWithURL:completionHandler:
(NSURLSession
), or sendAsynchronousRequest:queue:completionHandler:
(NSURLConnection
). Your app must provide the following information: https://celestialnovo.weebly.com/iphone-app-mac-contact-notes.html.![Macos Macos](/uploads/1/2/6/1/126164332/335000018.png)
- As appropriate, either an
NSURL
object or a filled-outNSURLRequest
Nanodrop 1000 software for mac. object that provides the URL, body data, and any other information that might be required for your particular request. - A completion handler block that runs whenever the transfer finishes or fails.
- For
NSURLConnection
, anNSOperation
queue on which your block should run.
If the transfer succeeds, the contents of the request are passed to the callback handler block as an
NSData
object and an NSURLResponse
object for the request. If the URL loading system is unable to retrieve the contents of the URL, an NSError
object is passed as the third parameter.Retrieving the Contents of a URL with Delegates
If your app needs more control over your request, such as controlling whether redirects are followed, performing custom authentication, or obtaining the data piecewise as it is received, you can use the
NSURLSession
class with a custom delegate. For compatibility with earlier versions of OS X and iOS, you can also use the NSURLConnection
class with a custom delegate.For the most part, the
NSURLSession
and NSURLConnection
classes work similarly at a high level. However, there are a few significant differences:- The
NSURLSession
API provides support for download tasks that behave much like theNSURLDownload
class. This usage is described further in Downloading the Contents of a URL to Disk. - When you create an
NSURLSession
object, you provide a reusable configuration object that encapsulates many common configuration options. WithNSURLConnection
, you must set those options on each connection independently. - An
NSURLConnection
object handles a single request and any follow-on requests.AnNSURLSession
object manages multiple tasks, each of which represents a single URL request and any follow-on requests. You usually create a session when your app launches, then create tasks in much the same way that you would createNSURLConnection
objects. - With
NSURLConnection
, each connection object has a separate delegate. WithNSURLSession
, the delegate is shared across all tasks within a session. If you need to use a different delegate, you must create a new session.
When you initialize an
NSURLSession
or NSURLConnection
object, the connection or session is automatically scheduled in the current run loop in the default run loop mode.The delegate you provide receives notifications throughout the connection process, including intermittent calls to the
URLSession:dataTask:didReceiveData:
or connection:didReceiveData:
method when a connection receives additional data from the server. It is the delegate’s responsibility to keep track of the data it has already received, if necessary. As a rule:- If the data can be processed a piece at a time, do so. For example, you might use a streaming XML parser.
- If the data is small, you might append it to an
NSMutableData
object. - If the data is large, you should write it to a file and process it upon completion of the transfer.
When the
URLSession:task:didCompleteWithError:
or connectionDidFinishLoading:
method is called, the delegate has received the entirety of the URL’s contents.Downloading the Contents of a URL to Disk
In OS X v10.9 and later or iOS 7 and later, if you need to download a URL and store the results as a file, but do not need to process the data in flight, the
NSURLSession
class lets you download the URL directly to a file on disk in a single step (as opposed to loading the URL into memory and then writing it out yourself). The NSURLSession
class also allows you to pause and resume downloads, restart failed downloads, and continue downloading while the app is suspended, crashed, or otherwise not running.In iOS, the
NSURLSession
class also launches your app in the background whenever a download finishes so that you can perform any app-specific processing on the file.Note: In older versions of OS X, you can also download files to disk with the
NSURLDownload
class. The NSURLDownload
class does not provide the ability to download files while the app is not running.In older versions of iOS, you must use an
NSURLConnection
object to download the data to memory, then write the data to a file yourself.To use the
NSURLSession
class for downloading, your code must do the following:- Create a session with a custom delegate and the configuration object of your choice:
- If you want downloads to continue while your app is not running, you must provide a background session configuration object (with a unique identifier) when you create the session.
- If you do not care about background downloading, you can create the session using any of the provided session configuration object types.
- Create and resume one or more download tasks within the session.
- Wait until your delegate receives calls from the task or session. In particular, you must implement the
URLSession:downloadTask:didFinishDownloadingToURL:
method to do something with a file when the download finishes and theURLSession:task:didCompleteWithError:
call to handle any errors.
Note: The above steps are a greatly simplified view; depending on your needs, you may wish for your session delegate to handle a number of other delegate methods for custom authentication, redirect handling, and so on.
Making a POST Request
You can make an HTTP or HTTPS POST request in nearly the same way you would make any other URL request (described in Retrieving the Contents of a URL with Delegates). The main difference is that you must first configure the
NSMutableURLRequest
object you provide to the initWithRequest:delegate:
method. Are my mac apps up to date.You also need to construct the body data. You can do this in one of three ways:
- For uploading short, in-memory data, you should URL-encode an existing piece of data. This process is described in Encoding URL Data.
- For uploading file data from disk, call the
setHTTPBodyStream:
method to tellNSMutableURLRequest
to read from anNSInputStream
and use the resulting data as the body content. - For large blocks of constructed data, call
CFStreamCreateBoundPair
to create a pair of streams, then call thesetHTTPBodyStream:
method to tellNSMutableURLRequest
to use one of those streams as the source for its body content. By writing into the other stream, you can send the data a piece at a time.Depending on how you handle things on the server side, you may also want to URL-encode the data you send.)
To specify a different content type for the request, use the
setValue:forHTTPHeaderField:
method. If you do, make sure your body data is properly formatted for that content type.To obtain a progress estimate for a POST request, implement a
connection:didSendBodyData:totalBytesWritten:totalBytesExpectedToWrite:
method in the connection’s delegate.Configuring Authentication
Performing authentication with
NSURLSession
and NSURLConnection
is relatively straightforward. The way you do this depends on the class you use and on the version of OS X or iOS that you are targeting.For the
NSURLSession
class, your delegate should implement the URLSession:task:didReceiveChallenge:completionHandler:
method. In this method, you perform whatever operations are needed to determine how to respond to the challenge, then call the provided completion handler with a constant that indicates how the URL Loading System should proceed and, optionally, a credential to use for authentication purposes.For the
NSURLConnection
class:- In OS X v10.7 and newer or iOS 5 and newer, your delegate should implement the
connection:willSendRequestForAuthenticationChallenge:
method. This method must call a method on the sender (theNSURLConnection
object) to tell it how to proceed. - In earlier versions, your delegate should implement both the
connection:canAuthenticateAgainstProtectionSpace:
andconnection:didReceiveAuthenticationChallenge:
methods.Theconnection:didReceiveAuthenticationChallenge:
method is equivalent to theconnection:willSendRequestForAuthenticationChallenge:
method in later versions, and calls a method on the sender (theNSURLConnection
object) to tell it how to proceed.Theconnection:canAuthenticateAgainstProtectionSpace:
method should returnYES
if[protectionSpace authenticationMethod]
is any ofNSURLAuthenticationMethodDefault
,NSURLAuthenticationMethodHTTPBasic
,NSURLAuthenticationMethodHTTPDigest
,NSURLAuthenticationMethodHTMLForm
,NSURLAuthenticationMethodNegotiate
, orNSURLAuthenticationMethodNTLM
.
Possible Responses to an Authentication Challenge
Regardless of which class you use, your authentication handler method must examine the authentication challenge and tell the URL Loading System how to proceed:
- To provide a credential for authentication, pass
NSURLSessionAuthChallengeUseCredential
as the disposition (forNSURLSession
) or calluseCredential:forAuthenticationChallenge:
(forNSURLConnection
).For information about creating a credential object, read Creating a Credential Object. - To continue the request without providing authentication, pass
NSURLSessionAuthChallengeUseCredential
as the disposition with anil
credential (forNSURLSession
) or callcontinueWithoutCredentialForAuthenticationChallenge:
(forNSURLConnection
). - To cancel the authentication challenge, pass
NSURLSessionAuthChallengeCancelAuthenticationChallenge
as the disposition (forNSURLSession
) or callcancelAuthenticationChallenge:
(forNSURLConnection
). If you cancel the authentication challenge, the stream delegate’s error method is called. - To tell the operating system to handle the challenge as it ordinarily would, pass
NSURLSessionAuthChallengePerformDefaultHandling
as the disposition (forNSURLSession
) or callperformDefaultHandlingForAuthenticationChallenge:
(forNSURLConnection
). If you request default handling, then the operating system sends any appropriate credentials that exist in the credentials cache.Note: TheperformDefaultHandlingForAuthenticationChallenge:
method was not supported prior to OS X v10.7 or iOS 5. - To reject a particular type of authentication during the negotiation process, with the intent to accept a different method, pass
NSURLSessionAuthChallengeRejectProtectionSpace
as the disposition (forNSURLSession
) or callrejectProtectionSpaceAndContinueWithChallenge:
(forNSURLConnection
).Note: TherejectProtectionSpaceAndContinueWithChallenge:
method was not supported prior to OS X v10.7 or iOS 5.
Creating a Credential Object
Within your delegate’s
connection:willSendRequestForAuthenticationChallenge:
or connection:didReceiveAuthenticationChallenge:
method, you may need to provide an NSURLCredential
object that provides the actual authentication information.- For simple login/password authentication, call
credentialWithUser:password:persistence:
. - For certificate-based authentication, call
credentialWithIdentity:certificates:persistence:
with aSecIdentityRef
object (which is usually obtained from the user’s keychain by callingSecItemCopyMatching
).
![Onefocus app blocker macos change a scheduled session 2017 Onefocus app blocker macos change a scheduled session 2017](/uploads/1/2/6/1/126164332/977128986.png)
Further Information
To learn more about the
NSURLSession
API, read URL Loading System Programming Guide. For related sample code, see SimpleURLConnections, AdvancedURLConnections, and SeismicXML: Using NSXMLParser to parse XML documents.For details about the
NSURLConnection
API, read URL Loading System Programming Guide.To learn more about using the
NSStream
API for making HTTP requests, read Setting Up Socket Streams in Stream Programming Guide.For an example of the
setHTTPBodyStream:
method and the CFStreamCreateBoundPair
function, see SimpleURLConnections in the iOS library. (The sample as a whole is designed to build and run on iOS, but the networking portions of the code are also useful on OS X.)Making Requests Using Core Foundation
Other than the syntax details, the request functionality in Core Foundation is closely related to what is available at the Foundation layer. Thus, the examples in Making Requests Using Foundation should be helpful in understanding how to make requests using the
CFHTTPStream
API.The Core Foundation URL Access Utilities are a C-language API that is part of the Core Foundation framework. To learn more, read Core Foundation URL Access Utilities Reference.
The
CFHTTPStream
API is a C-language API that is part of the Core Foundation framework. (You can, of course, use it in Objective-C code.) To learn more, read Communicating with HTTP Servers and Communicating with Authenticating HTTP Servers in CFNetwork Programming Guide.These APIs are the most flexible way to communicate with an HTTP server (short of using sockets or socket streams directly), providing complete control over the message body as sent to the remote server, and control over most of the message headers as well. These APIs are also more complex, and thus should be used only if higher-level APIs cannot support your needs—for example, if you need to override the default system proxies.
Working with Web Services
Onefocus App Blocker Macos Change A Scheduled Session Video
If you are incorporating client-side web services communication in your OS X program, you can take advantage of a number of technologies:
- The
NSJSONSerialization
class converts between native Cocoa objects and JavaScript Object Notation (JSON). - The
NSXMLParser
class provides a Cocoa API for SAX-style (streaming) parsing of XML content. - The libxml2 library provides a cross-platform C API for SAX-style (streaming) and DOM-style (tree-based) parsing of XML content. For libxml2 documentation, see http://xmlsoft.org/.
- The
NSXMLDocument
API (in OS X only) provides DOM-style support for XML content.
In addition, a number of third-party libraries exist for working with web services.
Onefocus App Blocker Macos Change A Scheduled Session Free
Important: The Web Services Core framework is deprecated and should not be used for new development.
Onefocus App Blocker Macos Change A Scheduled Session Date
Onefocus App Blocker Macos Change A Scheduled Session 2017
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